Coal-stove



1 1. A. DAVIS.

Heang vSlove.

Patented Aug.` 4, 1857 l M www. n I l W uNrrr.

T OFFICE.

J. A. DAVIS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW' YORK.

COAL-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,919, dated August 4, 1857.

T0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, J. A. Davis, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Stoves for Burning Bituminous Coal; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in certain improvements in the construction or arrangement of stoves, as hereinafter described; more particularly designed for the consumption of bituminous coal.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construct-ion and operation.

In the accompanying drawings (Figure l.) represents a front elevation, `(Fig. 2.) a

side elevation, (Fig. a back elevation,

(Figft.) avertical section on line 2,2, (Fig. 5.) a vertical section on line y, y, (Fig. 6.) a horizontal section on line a5, fr, (Fig. 7.) a top view (with top piece off) showing internal arrangement and (Figs. 8 and 9.)

side and bottom views of the movable back piece of my improved stove.

'The fire chamber is of a rectangular form (see Figs. 4, 5, 6) being only about four or five inches in depth, from front to back; the back of said fire chamber is formed by the internal surface of a box or recess (fm.) in which are located the flues or pipes (e, e, e, 6,) said recess is in depth, from the back of the stove inward, equal to the diameter of the pipes (e, e, e, 6,); in breadth, tothe breadth of the ire chamber and in height to the distance, between a point about three inches above the bottom of the grate and one about four inches .below the bottom of the door"(E.) to the top and inner edgeof said recess (m.) is hinged the lower damper (Il), which is governed by a handle passing through the back of the stove and which when closed (as seen at Fig. extends across the fire chamber (G.) at an angle of (45) forty five degrees.

The fire chamber is furnished with two doors (E and F.) The upper one (E.) is designed for the entrance of the coal generally, the lower for the convenience of kindling the fire.

(R.) is the ash pit, which is formed on the bottom plate of the stove, which is supported by suitable legs (r, r, r, 1",).

opening downward into the fire chamber and upward just behind the damper (D).

(o, 71,) are -the drafts, or perforations through which the airA enters to the fire, said openings it will be observed are made in the front of the stove just below the upper door, and the damper (C.) is the upper damper, operated by the handle (0.), (B) the smoke pipe.

(L, L,) are the radiating flues next to the fire box, leaving long openings (P, P,) in front and small ones (0, 0,) in the rear.

(M, M) and (N, N,) are series of .iiues operating as hereinafter described.

, The whole arrangement is inclosed by their plates or sides (A, A,).

(f.) is the movable back piece which is of the form represented in the drawings. It is furnished with four partitions, (i, z', and h, L.) The two former extend from the bottom of said movable back piece to within about four inches of its top; the latter from its top to within about four inches of its bottom. Said piece (f) when required to nbe used is placed against the back of the stove, within the clasp (gl.) (see Figs. 2 and 3.) In top of said piece (f.) is a hole (j) which may have a pipe leading from it to any required apartment or drum for heating.

(Z, Z,) are holes in the bottom plate of the stove, through which, a current of cold air is admitted to the flues and heated surfaces of the movable back piece.

The operation of my stove is readily understood and is substantially as follows: vizthe fire being kindled through the door (F.); upon the grate (I-I) said door is closed and the fire supplied with fuel from the door until the chamber is filled to the extent which may be required, when the damper is closed and the draft caused from the openings (o. o.) descending downward through the fire entering the bottom of the flues (e, e, e, 6,)

thence upward through said flues; -(if the damper (C.) be closed) thence downward through flues (M. M.) thence up through iiues (N. N.) out at the pipe If it is desired that but little heat be radiated the damper (C.) is opened when the heat passes from the flues (e, e, e, 6,) directly up through the pipe (13.). If desired that the lire be kept from burning, as much as possible, without allowing it to be entirely extinguished the damper (D) is opened, when the draft will not pass through the tire at all, but the latter will be prevented from going entirely out, by the very slight draft passing through the grate (H.) from the ash pit. When it is desired the back piece (f) is placed in position as seen at Fig. 2 whenv a current of air is carried from the openings (Z. Z.) and (0. 0.) up through the flues of said piece and thence through the opening into a conductor (if desired).

It will be observed that with my arrangement a greater amount of heating and radiating surface is presented than in any other arrangement before known, occupying the same space and of the same capacity for fuel the draft being downward through the coal and at the same time very slightly from the grate, toward the bottoms of the tlues (e, e, 6,) the air mixes with the gases and a perfect combustion of all material is insured from the peculiar form of the lire boX, the forming of cinder, as in all other stoves, is eifectually prevented, for although the same amount of fuel may be put in the chamber, it is sperad out in such a thin sheet, that, having the draft down through its entire mass the fuel is consumed equally in all places, no matter how rapid the consumption may be it is exactly the same in all parts of the chamber: whereas in any other form of chamber the fuel may be consumed rapidly in one place, while it is not in another causing the same to melt and run in the form of clinker, or

cinder, and from the very shallow construction the heat is radiated immediately, so that the coal cannot attain that melting state of heat.

It will be readily seen that as the flues (e, e, 6,) opening downward from the bottom of the projecting box they cannot become choked up by the coal filling into them and ashes clogging up as is almost always the case with the construction and arrangement of flues now in existence.

The burning of the fire not depending upon any draft through the grate, (although a little is desirable) the stove does not require much attention, in keeping the grate clear.

I have tested this improvement practically, and thoroughly and have found it far superior in every respect to any stove that has1 yet been made for burning bituminous coa I do not pretend to say that any new theory is embraced in my improved stove or any new principle, but merely that from the construction and combined arrangement of its parts a morev perfectly consuming and economical stove is produced than has yet been known, for burning bituminous coal.

Having described the construction and operation of my improved stove, I do not wish to be understood as claiming the downward draft, as that is well known, but

l/Vhat I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is The combined arrangement of the shallow tire boX (Gr) (constructed as described), flues (M M.) and (N. N.), and dampers (D.) and (C), the whole constructed and operating as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of June 1857.

J. A. DAVIS.

lVitnesses JOHN FRARY, THos. G. PUTNAM. 

